Transmission drive assembly



Apnl 5, 1949. F. L. LAWRENCE TRANSMISSION DRIVE ASSEMBLY 5 Sheets-snapt `1 Filed May 8' 1945 -mmm .m s

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April 5, 1949. F. L LAWRENCE TRANSMISSION DRIvE Assmu Filed nay' a, 1945 INVENTOR fwn/mq. AMP/Mc?, BWP/awa ATTORNEY April s, 1949.

F. LAWRENCE TRANSMISS ION DRIVE ASSEMBLY 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 8L 1945 Apnl 5 r1949. F. L. LAWRENCE TRANSMISSION DR-IVE ASSEMBLY 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed lay 8, 1945 A l @WW 'L ATTORNEY April 5, 1949. F. L. LAWRENCE 2,466,320 I TRANSMISSION DRIVE ASSEMBLY 4 Filed May 8. 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY 'Patented Apr.

I v A466320 TRANSMISSION nmvr: ASSEMBLY Frank L. Lawrence, Renton, Wash., assigner to Pacific Car and Foundry Company, ltenton,l

Wash.

Application May 8, 1945, Serial No. 592,677 14 Claims. '(CI. i4-'161) ThisV inventionlrelates .to improvements in planetary transmission assemblies of that type including a plurality of clutches interposed between they planetary elements and the source of power..

Oneof the objects of this invention is to provide a transmission in which a. plurality of planetary assemblieshave their individual units driven or if; locked by means of pre-selected mechanismv whereby the gear ratio is variable between the input and the output shafts.

Another object of the presentinvention is to 4provide uid means for .controlling the several clutchesv incorporated in the transmission, this fluid means simultaneously operating through suitable mechanism to lock pre-selected elements of the planetaries of the assembly.

A 'fur-ther object of this invention is to provide means for using liquid to operate the clutches, this liquid being the oil which provides the lubricant. for the planetary units and bearings.

A still further object is to provide a novel con.-

for its dual function.

planetary transmission in which the input'and output shafts are aligned and mount both the controlling clutches and the planetaryassemblies.Y

these aligned shafts cooperating with concentric 2 Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the assembly diagrammatically illustrating-the active elements in providing the first speed; n Fig.` 6 is a vertical section through the assembly' diagrammatically illustrating'the active elements in providing the second speed: Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the assembly diagrammatically illustrating the active elements in providing the third speed;

Fig. 8 is a verticalsection through the assemblyr diagrammatically illustrating the active elements in providing the fourth speed;

Fig. -9 is a vertical section through the assembly diagrammatically illustrating the active elements in'providing the fifth speed;

Fig. 10 is a verticalsection through the assembly diagrammatically illustrating-the active elements in providing the sixth speed;l

Fig. 11 is a vertical section through the assembly diagrammatically illustrating the active elements in providing the seventh speed:

' trol of the lubricant both to the clutches and-to l the gears whereby the oil is available at .all timesl More'specically this invention comprehendsa Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the flow of lubricant through the various passageways forflubricating the gear assemblies and bearings and alsofor supplying uid pressure for the clutches; and

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic view of the brake I`control means.

ao tubular shafts to provide passageways for the movement of the controlling fluid and/or" *I lubricant. Y

`This .development also provides for the control and partitioning of the fluid so that the portion of the fluid used as a lubricant is separated from that portion of the fluid used in the clutch control mechanism, which latter is maintained at a pressure differential suitable for its function.

Other important features reside in the specific `form of clutch structures, the means for operating the clutches, the specic form of planetary assemblies, their relation or association with the clutches, the means for driving or locking the planetary elements and the synchronizing of the entire assembly to provide a single control for de' veloping a predetermined number of gear ratios.

Reference will be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specication and wherein like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, in Which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectionthrough the entire transmission assembly;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; 1

Fig. 3 is a Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is-a fragmentary vertical section on line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

'.Thedrive is through .the'fly wheel I which is driven from' an engine. inthe usual manner. .This drive is in the forml of an internally splined member 2 flanged at one end 3 for connection with thek fly Wheel I by the bolts 4 as shown. The internally splined member 2 encloses and drives transverse section on line 3 3 of theclutch lfriction discs 5, 6 and 1 so that these discs always'turn with the'driving means. The .clutches .each include in addition to-the friction discs 5,'.6Yand-1, the annular pressure plates 8, 9 and illfandthe backingplates Il, I2 and-|3 re-` spectively. The'backingplates I I, I2 and I3 are each generally of disc form Aand include an annular flange I4 which is secured by bolts I5 to the adjacent annular flanges I6, which flanges Iii extend radially from the clutch cylinders I1, I8 and i9. lThe,cylinders I1, i8 and I9 are each mounted on or formed integral with a hollow shaft, these shafts being indicated generally by the reference characters 20, 2i and 22, respectively. Pistons are. arranged in each cylinder, each of identical construction and including a sliding flanged sleeve 23,cup packing 24 and filler ring or clamp plate`25. a

For .operating thepressure plates 8, 9 and III vthere are provided three Abuckle plates which transmit the movement of the pistons thereto,

.these buckle plates being vof identical construction, and each including a disc 26, having radial slots 21, as shown more clearly in Fig. 4, the slots radiating from the 'central opening shown. The buckle plates 26 are xed in position for operating the three pressure platesl by means of the stud bolts 28 which project through the slots and into the backing plates I I, I2 and I3. By this arrangement the buckle plates 26 are adjustably secured in position to perform the desired operation. It will be noted that each of the pressure plates 8, 9 and III is formed with an annular projection or rib 29 on its outer face and these projections 29 are engaged by the outer adjacent faces of the buckle plates 26. The inner marginal faces of the buckle plates 26 engage a similar annular projection on each of the pistons 23. By this construction and arrangement the inherent resiliency set-up by the tensioning of the buckle plates 26 between the piston 23, fulcrum means 28 and annular projections 29 cause any motion of the various pistons to be transmitted to the pressure plates for the operation of the clutches and transmission of power from the internally splined member 2 to the various hollow shafts 20, 2I and 22 fixed to or formed integral with the cylinders I1, I8 and I3. k

Two planetaries are included in the transmis-- sion indicated generally as H and J and each include the usual sun gear, planet unit, and ring gear. It will be noted that the assembly is in line, i. e., the clutches and planetaries are mounted on a common axis as defined by the input shaft A and the output shaft B with the hollow shafts carrying the individual elements mounted on these shafts A and B. The first or outer clutch assembly, which includes the friction plate 5, pressure plate 8 and backing plate I I, is operated by movement of the piston in cylinder I'i. The cylinder I1 is formed integral with the hollow stub shaft 20 and the latter is keyed vto the input shaft A to drive the sun gear 32 in the planetary J.

The intermediate clutch including friction plate 6, pressure plate 9 and backing plate I2' functions by movement of the -piston 23 in the cylinder I8, this cylinder being illustrated as integral with the hollow shaft 2l which drives the sun gear 33 of the planetary H.

The inner end clutch including friction plate 1, pressure plate I and backing plate I3 operates by movement of the piston 23 in the cylinder I9, this cylinder 'being formed, in the present illustration, as integral with the hollow shaft 22 and through this shaft drives the ring gear 34 of the inner planetary H by means of the spider 35 bolted thereto by bolts 35. It will thus be seen that the various clutches which operate by movement of their respective power cylinders, through the medium of the buckle plates 26, directly drive the shafts A, 2l and 22, and through these shafts the sun gears 32 and 33 of the two planetarias H and J together with the ring gear 34 ofthe planetary H. Each planetary H and J includes the usual planet unit. The planetary H has a planet unit including the cage 43,- the planet gear bearings 36 shaft 31 and shaft supports 38, for each of the planet gears 39. y The planet' gear 39 is relatively Wide to permit meshing of the sun gears 33-and 40, the latter having a hub 4I and flange 42, by means of which it is suitably fastened by bolts or rivets 42 to the disc 44 of the brake drum 45. A brake band 46 operated by fluid pressure within a cylindenshown at 41, (see Fig. 13) is selectively operated by control valve 48 as will be more clearly hereinafter described.

The output shaft B is fixed to or fori-ned integral with the cage 55 of the planetary assemblyV J. This planet assembly includes the ringfgear spider 51 is fixed to the-hollow shaft 68 which carries the cage 43 of the planet assembly H. A spur gear 59 on thehub 66 formsone of the two sun gears for the planetary gears 6 I, the other spur or sun gear bein'g mounted on the input shaft A and being indicated by reference character 32. The spur or sun gear 59 is i'lxed to and carries the brake wheel 62, the brake wheel 62 `including the brake drum 63 which is associated with the brake strap 64 as is conventional in such cases (see Fig. 13). By this arrangement the operation of the mechanism in the brake control cylinder 65 releases the normally gripping brake strap 64 to permit the rotation of the brake wheel 63 whereby the sun gear 59 is free on the output shaft B.

A brake drum 66 is fixed -to the backing plate I3 of the inner clutch assembly and this brake ydrum 66 is locked by use of the brake strap 61 .through operation of the brake cylinder 68 (see Fig. 13).

Normally each of the brake bands 61, 46 and 64 are urged to operative position by the spring shown diagrammatically at 10 in Fig. 13, whereby the three brake elements 66, 45 and I63 are normally held locked. 66, 45 and 63 are directly associated with one of the three clutches, i. e. due to the fact lthat the operation of the clutch is only permissible by release of its associated brake, these brakes are actuated automatically and through the same fluid actuated means as -that actuating the three clutches. The clutch assembly including the friction plate 5, backing plate II and clutch plate 8 is operated through its fluid piston to drive the` shaft A, and the operation of this shaft is associated with the .planetary J, and variation l in gear rati-os is brought 4about by ithe release of the brake strap 64 from its drum 63. The operation of the strap 64 is by means of the control mechanism in brake ycylinder' 65. n the same manner the intermediate clutch, including the` friction plate 6, backing `plate I2 and clutch plate 9, is operated through its fluid motor in association with the operation of the brake strap 46 on the brake drum 45, the motor for this operation of the brake strap 46 being indicated by reference character 41. The clutch embodying the friction .plate 1, backing plate i3 and clutch plate I6 is operated by its concentric fluid motor and the brake 66-61 is associated with this latter clutch assembly so that the operation of the clutch and brake is simultaneous.

Referring to Fig. l it will be seen that the fiuid control means 4 8 controls three fluid passages 10, 1I and 12 and each of these uid passages includes a shunt pipe. The fluid passage 10 which operates the motor for actuating the clutch assembly lI, I0 and I3 is provided with the bypass I3 which opens'` into the brake control cylinder 68. Thus upon movement of the control head 48 fluid is admitted lthrough the `pipe 10 vand by-pass 13, the fluid through fthe pipe 10 operating thevclutch 1, I0 and I3 and simultaneously the brake 61 so that as the clutch is caused to engage by operation of its fluid mothr the brake is-fat the same time released to permit movement of the associated par-ts through the drive I and 2. The same operation includes each of the clutch and brake units and by this means the three brakes are normally locked to provide the establishment of necessary reactance for the proper predetermined gear ratios. When a change of drive ratio is desired it will be apparent that the operaiton of a single valve se- Each of the brake drums i lectively provides for the operation of the desired the control I8 to the respective clutches. 'lhe uid for `the operation of the clutch which in. cludes the elements 1, l and I3 is through the pipe from the control head I8 into the annular port 1I in the bushing 15, to be hereinafter described. .The operating fluid passes from the annular groove 14 through the longitudinal passageway 11 into lateral port 18 and against the reciprocating piston in the fluid motor chamber which constitutes the center portion of the inner clutch assembly. The u'id for the intermediate clutch which includes the elements 5, 9 Iand |2 is through the pipe -1| from the. head I8 forwardly through the annular passageway 19 formed by the sleeve 80 seated within the hollow shaft 2| and o ut the lateral port 8| to the concentric motor of the central clutch. For lthe operation of the clutch inclu-ding elements 5, 8 and the uid is fed through .pipe 12 and through the passageway d ened by the inner surface of the 4sleeve 80 yand the outer surface of the reduced portion of shaf-t A forwardly-.through the lateral port 82 into the fluid motor cylinder. Each of the pipes 10, 1| and 12 is yconnected with a by-pass or branch pipe for supplying fluid to a brake pressure chamber, the branch -pipe 49 providing fluid for the pressure chamber 41 from the pipe 1|, the pipe 12 providing fluid for the brake cylinder 55 from the fluid passageway 12 which feeds the fluid to ythe outer clutch cylinder, while branch pipe 13 supplies pressure to 'the control 88 ifrom its main conduit 10.

` e ception of the sleeve 80. The sleeve 80 is spaced normally from the inner cut-out portion of the wall of the hollow shaft 2| to provide a passageway for fluid and this sleeve is spaced from the input shaft A to lprovide 'a further passageway between its inner wall and the shaft for .the -passage of the fluid for the outer clutch. These passageways have heretofore been described. The

hollow shaft 22 is formed with the annular flange extension 50 upon which the bearings 5| are mounted. these bearings 5| forming raceways for the cage extension 38 of the planetary assembly H. The hub 58' which is an integral part of the cage I3 has at its output end the spider 51 -nxed thereto and this spider is flanged at 82 for the mounting ofthe ball assembly 83 upon which the cage 55 of the .planetary assembly J travels. The end wall P of the casing is formed with an opening for ythe bearing 94 within which the output shaft is mounted.

The various speeds provided by this transmission are illustrated in Figs. 5-11 inclusive. In Fig. 5 there is illustrated diagrammatically, and with the active gears hatched, the clutch elements, the driving connections and the planetary elements operating to provide the first speed which in the present structure is designed to The mounting of the transmission assembly comprehends the casing M partitioned at N and having outer end wall P. 'I'he vpartition N is formed with a medial opening 85 in -which the supporting casting 86 is arranged, this casting 86 embodying a flange for connection with the partition N 'and an overlapping flange 81 which rests on the wall defining the central opening 85 in the lpartition N. The casting as heretofore pointed out includes the Vertical Wall 16 and a hub structure 15, the latter having a central bore suflcient to receive the input shaft A, the hollow shafts 2| and 22 and cooperating bushings. A dished drip plate 89 is cast integral With the lsupporting'structure to facilitate `the discharge of the oil from one side of the partition N to the other as will be .hereinafter pointed out. The entire assembly is supported by means of a -plurality of bearings, each bearing support.

ing a predetermined structure and facilitatingthe distribution of the load to the maximum. The

main supporting structure is the hub 15 whichv is fixed to the partition N of the lmain casing. This hub directly supports the hollow shaft 22 driven by the in ner clutch assembly 1, ||l and |3 and as heretofore pointed out this hollow shaft 22 carries and drives the spider 35 and with it the ring gear 34 of the planetary assembly H. Within the hollow shaft 22 is the bushing 90 suitably ported and grooved for the passage of the operating fluid and lubricant. 'Il'he sleeve 90 is inset in the inner wall of the hollow shaft 22 and provides a supporting surface for the hollow shaft 2| driven by the intermediate clutch and carrying at its inner extremities the sun or spur gear 33 of 'the planet unit H. The hollow shaft 2| has its inner face reduced for a substantial distance medially of its structure and is shouldered at one end to provide -for the refurnish a gear ration of 41/2 to 1. it will be noted that the intermediate clutch which includes elements 6, 9 and |2 is being driven from the source of power through the internal drive 2. This clutch drives the tubularA shaft 2| and through this shaft the sun gear 33.

lThe sun gear 33 rotates the planet until with its planet gears 38 and also the planet pinion lll which is free to rotate by virtue of the oil position of the brake 46. The planet unit 43 r0tat.'

ing drives the ring gear 56 through the tubular shaft connection 58', this ring gear rotating the. planet unit which is xed to the end offthe.

output shaft B. The ring gear 34 ofthe planet 'unit H is locked by virtue of the brakegl'.pro viding 'a reactance for vthis unit. -Irilthennitz- J the reactance is provided by thesungeav` .58' locked by the brake 64.-

For the second speed, and referringjtof-E'igJ, the drive is through clutch 5-7' -'8 A+|'|, fwhich drives the main input shaft A. thelgl'atter carrying the spur or sun gear 32 of the-planetaryassembly J. The planet gears 6| revolve'with their cage about the sun gear 32 as the lring gear 58 is locked and operates as the reactance`in. the

assembly due to the brakes W and..W' -being. in their normal or braking position. .The-cage, 55 is fixed to the output shaft andydrivesthis .out-

put shaft B at a ratio of 3 to 1. with thefin"e s`e'1 itdisclosure.

The third speed illustrated by Fig.7 isthrough the power to flywheel I, internal member v2.and the inner clutch embodying elements 1-|0`|3. This inner clutch is freed for rotation by releasing the brake elements 66 and 61 of brakeassembly W2. The tubular outer' shaft 22 is'fdrivenf from clutch 1-|0-|3, driving ring;gearlfffofv` planetary assembly H. The sun -gear llllbei-ng held by brake W becomes the reactanz'ze"andf planet cage 43 and the pinions 39 rotate, carryfg f ing the shaft 58'v and the ring gear. .56of planetary assembly J. The sun geary 5sisglocked'by the brake elements 63 and 64 ofthe brake unit W' and thus the cage S51-evolves with its'planets 6I. B' drives the latter, the ratio being 21A to 1.

'The operation of the fourth'speed with a ratio of-1.8 to 1 is illustrated in Fig. 8. To obtain this In this Fig. 5

The cage 55 being xed to the voutput shaft j ratio the first two clutches including units -3|I and 6-3-I2 are driven by the gear 2 from the source of power. The first or outer clutch having elements 5- 8-I I drives the main shaft A and the spur or sun gear 32 of planetary assembly J. The second or intermediate clutch with elements 0-3-I2 drives the spur or sun gear 33 of planetary assembly H. Reactance in unit H is by virtue of the locked ring gear 34, this gear being held by brake W2 including elements 66 and 51. The cage 43 of planetary assembly H rotates and with this cage, shaft 58' and ring gear 50 rotate.

The rotation of ring gear 56 and sun gear 32 of planetary assembly J rotates the cage 55 and the output shaft B at the ratio indicated.

The fifth speed is shown in Fig. 9, the drive being through the intermediate clutch having elements 6-9-I2 and the inner clutch having elements 1.-|0|3. Driving these two clutches rotates the tubular shafts 2| and 22 thus driving the sun 33 and ring 34 of planetary assembly H. The cage 43 of this assembly thus rotates to carry-the ring gear 56 0in-planetary assembly J. The sun gear 59 is locked by its brake W having elements 63 and 64 thus causing the cage 55 and the planets 6| to rotate with the output shaft B at a ratio 'of 11/2 to 1.

In Figure 10 the sixth speed is shown, the drive being through the inner and outer clutches having elements 5--0-Il and 0|0|3 respectively. The clutch 5-8-II drives the'main input shaft A and the sun gear 32 .of planetary assembly J. The inner clutch 0|0|3 drives the ring gea34 of the planetary assembly H. The sun gear 40 of assembly H is locked by its brake W having elements 45 and 46 providing the reactance for this unit and causing the cage 43 and its planet gears 33 to rotate and thus drive the shaft 58' and the ring gearof planetary assembly J. Thus in the planetary J the ring gear, sun gear, and planet unit all rotate providing the speed ratio of 1.29 to 1 for the output shaft B.

For the seventh speed at a ratio of 1 to 1 all clutches function and all brake elements are free to eliminate a reactance in the planetary assemblies. This is illustrated in Fig. 11.

Referring particularly to Figs. l and 12, the

fluid system which comprehends not only the lubrication of the parts but also furnishing fluid pressure for the operation. of the clutches is fully set forth.

.. :In the assembly it is necessary to lubricate all hearings, and the planetary assemblies. The fluid for lubricating the bearings and the plan- -etaries is fed by any suitable system into the collar I 00 which is provided with a threaded opening |0|..this opening extending through the hub |02 which carries thev spider 51, and the ring gear 50 as shown'in Fig. 1. The lubricant passes through the h'ub |02 and through a port |03 in the hollow shaft 58'- of the planet cage 43 into the channelway |04 and through the radial passageways |01 and HI furnish the lubricant contained in the planetary assembly H as shown at |09. A port I I supplies lubricant from the planetary H to the bushing H5 to provide lubricant for same. The input shaft A is formed with a 'central longiitudinal passageway ill. plugged at its output end by plug H8 but open at its other end to receive the lubricant escaping from the first two clutch operating motors, through the channelways ||3 and ||4. The lubricant from these motors is discharged through the central passage i l1 into the planetary assembly J through the port H5, being by-passed from this planetary assembly through port l|2 to lubricate the bearing H6. The lubricant from the planetarias H and J and bearings H5 and i I6 escapes through ports |2i against the concave adjacent sides of the brake wheels 44 and 44' to discharge into the sump. Lubricant from the inner clutch motor which lay-passes the piston discharges through the port |24 onto the pan 89 for discharge into the sump.

As hereinafter described the control head 48 regulates the discharge of lubricant furnished to this head under pressure, to the various clutches and brake motors.

By the arrangement shown it is possible to attain the seven speeds set forth above, each speed being attained from a single control head indicated generally by reference character 43 and which control head is in the nature of a multiway valve including a ported valve body 48". The valve 48" can be rotated or reciprocated by any suitable means and the shifting lof this valve will admit fluid under pressure through the pipe 48' to any one or two'or three of the pipes 10, 1| and l2. Thus any combination of clutch operation and brake release will be available to furnish the suitable clutch driving connection and the related brake release to secure the operation -of the necessary reactance members and thus provide the predetermined drive ratio from the source of power to the output shaft B. The various operations arel illustrated in Figs. 5-11 inclusive, these 'figures illustrating the brakes Iwhich are in operative position for the various speeds.

In Fig. 12 the flow of the lubricant is illustrated, this gure also showing the intermediate packing |06 which defines the limit of movement of the lubricating fluid with respect to the main shaft A. l

It will be noted that suitable bearings are provided, which bearings are lubricated from the same common source as the planetary units. It will also be noted that the ow of the lubricant in the clutch assembly for the operation of the several clutches embodies the use of packing elements between the threeviluid pistons of the clutches and the shaftconnections between these clutches and the planetarias.

The various clutches may be adjusted for operation at predetermined pressure by the adjustment of the-buckleplates 26, the adjustment of these plates also determining the degree of frictional engagement in the various clutch assemblies.

The provision of essential uid pressure for supplying the lubricant to the hearing surfaces and the provision of the necessary pressure from the uid line to the control head for the operation of the clutches comprehends an invention distinct from the invention of the present application.

what I claim is:Y`

1. In a power transmitting assembly, a series n of concentric input shafts each driven through a uid-actuatedY clutch, a plurality of planetary assemblies axially arranged with respect to the in-v put shafts, said planetary assemblies each including a pair of sun gears, planet units, and ring gears, one element of each planetary assembly being directly driven by one of said input shafts fluid-operated means for selectively operating the clutch elements, means for selectively locking a sun gear of each planetary assembly against rotation, and duid-operated means for selectively unlocking said sun gears.

2. In a power transmitting assembly, a series of concentric input shafts each driven through a Huid-actuated clutch, a plurality of planetaryA assemblies axially arrangedA with respect to the input shafts, said planetary assemblies including sun gears, planet units, and ring gears, fluidoperated means for selectively operating the fluid-actuated clutch from a common source of power, a plurality of planetary assemblies axially arranged with respect to the input shafts, said planetary assemblies each including sun gears, a pair of planet units and ring gears and at least one of the elements of each planetary assembly being directly driven by one of said input shafts, means for positively driving one element/of one planetary assembly by an element ofthe adjacent planetary assembly, and means for selectively locking and unlocking atleast one sun gear of each planetary assembly.

4'. In a power transmitting assembly, a series of concentric input shaftsv each driven through a fluid-actuated clutch from a common source' of power, a plurality of planetary assemblies axially arranged with respect to the input shafts,. said planetary assemblies each including a pair of sun gears, a pair of planet units and a ring gear, and

one planet of each planetary assembly being directly driven by one of said input shafts, a brake means for one element of each sun gear assembly and one ring gear of one assembly, said brake means being normally effective to lock its planetary element against rotation and fluid means for selectively operating said clutches and simultaneously releasing one of said brakes.

5. In a power transmitting assembly, a series of concentric input shafts each driven through a fluid-'actuated clutch from a common source of power, a plurality of planetary assemblies axially arranged with respect to the input shafts, said planetary assemblies each including at least one sun gear, a planet unit and a ring gear, and one element of each planetary assembly being directly driven by one of said input shafts, means for locking at least one sun gear of each planetary assembly, and means for actuating said locking means simultaneously with the operation of preselected clutches for varying the gear ratio to an output shaft.

6. In a power transmitting assembly, a plurality of concentric shafts, a main shaft axially arranged Within said concentric shafts, an output shaft, saidconcentric'shafts each including hub portions formed with annular chambers constituting power cylinders, fluid-operated pistons within said power cylinders, annular flanges x-f tending radially from said power cylinders, fixed clutch elements secured vto each of the anges, friction plates for said clutches, and pressure plates for operating saidA friction plates, discshaped buckle plates for transmitting motion of the pistons to said pressure plates, means for driving the -friction plates of each clutch from a single source of power,- planetary assemblies axially arranged on the main shaft and each including a sun gear, a'planet unit and a ring gear,

means driving one element of each planetary assembly by one of said concentric shafts, means for selectively locking a sun gear of eachplanetary assembly against rotation, and means for pre-selectively releasing alocked planetary element simultaneously with the operation of preselected clutches.

'7. In a power transmitting assembly, a series of concentric input shafts each driven through a fluid-actuated clutch from a common source of power, a plurality of planetary assemblies axially yarranged with respect to the input shafts, said planetary assemblies each including at least one sun gear, a planet'unit and a ring gear, and one element of each planetary assembly being directly driven by one of said input shafts, means normally locking at least one sun gear of each planetary assembly, and means for releasing said locking means simultaneously with the operation of pre-selected clutches for varying the gear ratio to an output shaft. v 1

8. In a power transmitting assembly, a casing including a medially arranged partition having a central opening, a hub structure supported by said partition and including an angular uid defiector plate positioned below the hub for deiiecting fluid from one side of the partition to the other, an input shaft extending through the hub, an axially arranged output shaft, planetary units supported at one side of the partition on said lnput shaft, one of the planetary units including an element fixed to the output shaft, means for selectively locking a sun gear of each assembly and a ring gear of one assembly of each planetary unit against rotation, fluid operated means for releasing said' locking means, a series of uidactuated clutches mounted on the input shaft at the other side of the partition and including fluid-actuated pistons arranged in power cylinders, means for transmitting movement of said pistons to said clutches to operate the same, means for driving one element of each planetary unit through one of said clutches, fluid ducts connecting the hub with said power cylinders and means for feeding fluid to said cylinders through said hub to .operate pre-selected clutches and -simultaneously feeding fluid to the fluid-operated lock releasing means.

9. In a power transmitting assembly, a casing including a medial wall defining a clutch chamber and a gear box, the gear box providing an oil sump, a hub supported by said wall, a defiector plate attached to said hub yfor deflecting fluid from the clutch chamber to the gear box, an input shaft extending through said hub, an output I shaft, a' series of concentric hollow lshafts arpower cylinders, said 'clutches each including a friction plate and said friction plates each being driven from a common source of power, axially arranged planetary assemblies arranged in said locking one element of each planetary assembly,

ducts connecting said hub with` the power cylinders of the clutch assemblies and means feeding 'fluid under pressure to said ducts to selectively operate said clutches, said means also releasing pre-selected planetary lock means.

10. In a power transmitting assembly, a casing having an upright wall defining a clutch chamber and a gear box, a hub supported by said wall,'

an input shaft mounted in said hub, an output shaft, a plurality of clutches arranged on. the input shaft within the clutch chamber, a plurality of planetary gear assemblies arranged in the gear box on said input shaft, a tubular driving connection between each of the clutches and at least one element of one planetary assembly, said tubular driving connection having a reduced area, a tube arranged about the reduced area of the driving connection and spaced therefrom to form a fluid passageway, a common source of power for driving the input shaft through said clutches, a driving connection between one element of one planetary assembly and the outputV means for forcing oil from said sump to the oil control head, and means for discharging the .oil escaping in the clutch chamber to the sump in the gear box.

11. In a power transmitting assembly, a casing, a wall in the casing supporting a hub, an input shaft aligned axially within said hub, a series of tubular shafts mounted on the input shaft and end of each tubular shaft and including annular power chambers, annular pistons arranged in each power chamber, clutches carried by each hub, means for operating the clutches by the said extending through said hub, hubs formed at one v pistons including disc-shaped buckle plates, said buckle plates being formed with a series of radial slots terminating in a central opening formed in each of said plates, adjustable means extending through said slots for varying the tension of said plates, planetary assemblies arranged on said input shaft, said planetary assemblies each including a pair of sun gears, means for driving one element of each planetary assembly through one of said clutches, means for locking one element of each planetary assembly against rotation, means driving the output shaft by one element of one planetary assembly, and means for synchronizing the operation of the locking means with the operation of the clutches, for varying the gear ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft. Y

la. The substance of claim 11 characterized in that one of the elements of one of the planetary assemblies is driven directly by the adjacent clutch.

13. The substance of claim 11 characterized in that one of the elements of one of the planetary assemblies is driven directly by the adjacent clutch, and means are `provided for locking one of the movable parts of said clutch against rotation.

14. In a power transmitting unit, a driving element, a plurality of concentric input shafts,

Vmeans for transmitting power from the driving element to each ofthe input shafts selectively, a plurality of planetary gear trains, each including a sun gear, a ring gear, planet pinions, a cage supporting said planet pinions, at least one element of each planetary train being operably associated with one of the input shafts, the planetary cage of the rst gear train being fixed to a hollow shaft, and said hollow shaft being fixed to the ring gear of the next planetary, and the other planetary cage being fixed to the output shaft, a plurality of brakes to selectively lock cer,- tain of the gears from rotation,'and means to impart power selectively to any one or more of the input shafts to cause the output shaft to rotate at a predetermined ratio in relation to rotation of driving element as determined by the selective locking o f said gears.

- FRANK L. LAWRENCE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of `record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS n Lawrence May 18, 1943 

